十.冠詞處理不好
學(xué)習(xí)者往往以為定語(yǔ)從句是對(duì)前面的名詞有限定作用，那么則是特指了，先行詞如有寇詞則一定是the了，其實(shí)不然。
30. A sailor is a man that works in a ship。
31. He is the man that helped me yesterday。
要知道，有的定語(yǔ)從句只是對(duì)前面的名詞作說(shuō)明或解釋。句30的定語(yǔ)從句是對(duì)行詞作說(shuō)明，說(shuō)水手是一種。。。人，那是泛指的，不用the。而句31的定語(yǔ)從句是才特指的。
32 Is this factory_______ you visited last year?
a. the one c. that c. which d. where
33. Is this the factory_______ you visited last year?
a. the one c. that c. who d. where
十一。獨(dú)立句與定語(yǔ)從句分不清
34. I met twenty students, some of whom are good at maths.
35. I met twenty students. Some of them are good at maths.
36. We reached the mountain, on the of which we saw a beautiful scene
37. We reached the mountain. On the of it (or: On its top ) we saw a beautiful scene
34 和36是主句和定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系，所以我們要用關(guān)系代詞，而在35，37各兩句中，它們是各自的獨(dú)立句子，所以用代詞。當(dāng)然在36中將on the top of which改為on whose top,則定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系 更為明顯。
十二。分不清同位語(yǔ)還是定語(yǔ)從句
38. We heard the news that pleased everyone.
39. We heard the news that our term had won.
在這里要認(rèn)清楚定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系詞在從句中起句子成份作用，而同位語(yǔ)的that 不充當(dāng)句子成份，句38中的that就充當(dāng)了從句中的主語(yǔ)，在句39中that卻不在從句中充當(dāng)任何成份。再者同位語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)詞還可以由其他的詞來(lái)引導(dǎo)。如：
40. I have no idea what he going to do.
41. I have no idea whether he will come.
42. I have no ides where he will go.
十三。關(guān)于復(fù)合關(guān)系代詞whoever, whatever等等
43.Whoever get the job will have a lot of work to do.
44. Whoever gets the job, he will have a lot of work to do.
45. Whatever she says goes.
46. Whatever she says, it goes.
在句43中whoever=anyone that 即有定語(yǔ)從句的意味，在句45中whatever=anything that也有定語(yǔ)從句的意味。而在44和46句中的whoever和whatever則是引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句，所以它們后面的句子都有主語(yǔ)。
十四。定語(yǔ)從句與what引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句的轉(zhuǎn)換
47. He’s not the man that he was.
48. He’s not what he was.
49. China is no longer the country that it was.
51. China is no longer what it was.
我們常用名詞+that改變成what的形式，如47，48句，它們的意義基本上是一樣的，只不過(guò)用名詞+that更為清晰。49，50句也是如此。
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