來源:網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源 2022-03-10 20:11:33
賓語從句三要素:連接詞; 語序;時(shí)態(tài)。
1. 賓語從句連接詞:
1). 陳述句用that.
I hear (that) he will be back in an hour. (一小時(shí)后他會(huì)回來)
He said (that) he missed us very much. (他非常想念我們)
The teacher told us (that) the earth moves around the sun (地球圍著太陽轉(zhuǎn)).
注意:
a. that 在句中無詞匯意義,在從句中不能充當(dāng)成分,在口語當(dāng)中往往省略;
b. 當(dāng)從句是客觀真理的時(shí)候,無論主句什么時(shí)態(tài),從句一律用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí).
2). 一般疑問句用 wether 或 if.
Ask him whether (if) he can come. (他是否能來)
I don't know whether it is going to rain or not.(是否要下雨)
注意:以下幾種情況,只能用whether, 不能用if。
a. 與or not 連用只能用whether;
b. 介詞后只能用whether;
c. 與to do 不定式連用只能用whether;
d. 作主語只能用whether.
3). 特殊疑問句用原有的連接代詞(who, whom, whose, which)和連接副詞( what , where, how, why, when)。例如:
He askedwho could answer the question. (誰能回答這個(gè)問題)
Can you tell me wherehe is? (他在哪兒)
2. 語序:陳述句語序
即:陳述句結(jié)構(gòu)(主+謂+其他成分)
”用 Bill wonders if _______, 將下列句子換成陳述句“:
Is there a bank near here?
→Bill wonders if there isa bank near here.
Are they doing homework?
→Bill wonders if they aredoing homework.
3. 時(shí)態(tài) (時(shí)態(tài)一致性)
1). 如果主句的時(shí)態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),賓語從句的時(shí)態(tài)根據(jù)具體情況來確定,可以是任何時(shí)態(tài)。例如:
I don't think (that) you are right.
Please tell us where we'llgo fishing tomorrow.
2). 如果賓語從句所陳述的是客觀真理,即使 主句用了過去時(shí), 從句仍用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。例如
The teacher said that the earth movesaround the sun.
3). 如果主句的時(shí)態(tài)是一般過去時(shí),賓語從句只能用相應(yīng)的過去時(shí)態(tài)(即:一般過去時(shí), 過去進(jìn)行時(shí), 過去將來時(shí),過去完成時(shí))。例如:
He toldme that he was born in Beijing in 1992.
Hesaid that he would go back to the U.S. soon.
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