1、分類：
數(shù)詞有基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞兩種。英語(yǔ)的數(shù)詞可以作句子的主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)和定語(yǔ)。
2、基數(shù)詞：
表示數(shù)目的詞叫基數(shù)詞。
1、 英語(yǔ)中常用的基數(shù)詞有：
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
|
one
two
three
four
five
six
seven
eight
nine
ten
eleven
twelve
|
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
|
thirteen
fourteen
fifteen
sixteen
seventeen
eighteen
nineteen
|
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
|
twenty
thirty
forty
fifty
sixty
seventy
eighty
ninety
one(a) hundred
|
23
35
101
|
twenty-three
thirty-five
one hundred and one
|
1000→one(a) thousand,10000→ ten thousand,100000→one hundred thousand ,1000000→one million,10000000→ten million, 100000000→one hundred million,
108→one hundred and eight, 146→one hundred and forty-six, 500→five hundred , 1001→one thousand and one, 1813→one thousand eight hundred and thirteen.
2、[注]：(1)百位與十位之間要加and;十萬位和萬位,億位和千萬位之間通常也要加and。
(2)英語(yǔ)用千、百萬等單位計(jì)數(shù),大數(shù)字從右向左看, 每隔三位劃一逗號(hào),倒數(shù)第一個(gè)逗號(hào)之前要用thousand,倒數(shù)第二個(gè)逗號(hào)之前要用million,倒數(shù)第三的逗號(hào)之前要用billion表示。
(3) hundred、 thousand、 million作數(shù)詞時(shí),不用復(fù)數(shù),前面可以加上one, two, …等其它數(shù)詞。用作名詞時(shí)復(fù)數(shù)表示“成…上…”,后面必須要有of,前面可以加上some,many,several等詞。如：five hundred(五百), hundreds of(成百上千的), ten thousand(一萬), thousands of(成千上萬的), millions of(成百萬的)
3、序數(shù)詞：
表示順序的數(shù)詞叫序數(shù)詞。
1、 英語(yǔ)的序數(shù)詞基本變法：
(1) 一般在基數(shù)詞后加th,(2)-ve結(jié)尾的改為-fth,(3)-ty結(jié)尾的改為-tieth,(4)熟記特殊詞。
2、序數(shù)詞如下：
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1st
2nd
3rd
4th
5th
6th
7th
8th
9th
10th
11th
12th
|
※first
※second
※third
fourth
fifth
sixth
seventh
eighth
ninth
tenth
eleventh
twelfth
|
13th
14th
15th
16th
17th
18th
19th
|
thirteenth
fourteenth
fifteenth
sixteenth
seventeenth
eighteenth
nineteenth
|
20th
30th
40th
50th
60th
70th
80th
90th
100th
|
twentieth
thirtieth
fortieth
fiftieth
sixtieth
seventieth
eightieth
ninetieth
one undredth
|
21st
22nd
23rd
35th
101st
|
twenty-first
twenty-second
twenty-third
thirty-fifth
one hundred and first
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1000th→one thousandth, 1000000th →one millionth., 第703→the seven hundred and third,
第5480→the five thousand four hundred and eightieth.
3、注：(1)兩位以上的序數(shù)詞僅個(gè)位數(shù)部分用序數(shù)詞,其余部分仍用基數(shù)詞。如：thirty-sixth,
(2) 使用序數(shù)詞時(shí)一般加定冠詞the. 如：I’m in the third grade.
(3) 序數(shù)詞作“幾分之幾”講時(shí),有復(fù)數(shù)形式。如：1/5→one fifth ; 2/3→ two thirds ; 4/7→ four sevenths ; 1/2→ a half ; 1/4→a quarter ; 3/4→ three quarters ; 50%→ fifty hundredths ( fifty per cent).
4、數(shù)詞的用法：
1、表示年份：2002: twenty thousand and two ; 1976 : nineteen seventy-six.
2、表示日期： 12月1日: Dec.1st或the first of December;2002年11月8日: Nov. 8th, 2002.
3、表示時(shí)刻： 5：15→ five fifteen或a quarter past five ; 8：30→ eight thirty或half past eight ; 10：45→ ten forty-five或a quarter to eleven.
4、表示編號(hào)：Room 105→Room one 0 five; Bus No.13→Bus Number Thirteen; P.5→Page Five; Tel.No.7658659→Telephone Number seven-six-five-eight-six-five-nine
5、小數(shù)的讀法：5.7→ five point seven, 0.16 →zero point one six.
6、“半”的表達(dá)： 1/2→half, 半小時(shí)→half an hour, 1.5小時(shí)→one and a half hours或one hour and a half.
7、序數(shù)詞前面加the時(shí),表示順序,加a/an時(shí)表示“再一、又一”。如：The third lesson is rather difficult.(第三課相當(dāng)難)/ Shall we read the text a third time?(我們把課文讀第三遍,好嗎?)
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