2023年初中語(yǔ)法一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)全面講解

一、定義與講解

一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：

表示經(jīng)常性，習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。

時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：often 經(jīng)常，usually通常，always 總是，every每個(gè)，sometimes 有時(shí)，never從不，seldom 極少

結(jié)構(gòu)：

動(dòng)詞原形 (第三人稱單數(shù)+s/es)。

第三人稱單數(shù)變化：

(1)直接在動(dòng)詞詞尾加-s.

ask---asks work---works

get---gets stay---stays

(2)以字母s, x, ch, sh或o結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，在詞尾直接加-es.

watch---watches wish---wishes

fix---fixes do---does

go---goes pass---passes

(3)以“輔音字母加 - y”結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，要先變y為i再加-es.

try---tries study---studies cry---cries fly---flies

2.不規(guī)則變化：

be---- is are have----has

二、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)用法

1. 表示經(jīng)常性，習(xí)慣性,永久性的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。

通常與副詞sometimes, often, usually, always, every day (year, month ), once (twice, three times) a day,等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。

例：

They usually go to school by bike.

I take the medicine three times a day.

She helps her mother once a week.

Mary’s father is a policeman.

There are 50 students in my class.

2. 表示客觀真理，科學(xué)原理，自然現(xiàn)象，等客觀事實(shí)或格言，諺語(yǔ)等。

例：

The sun rises in the east and sets in the west every day.

Tomorrow is Tuesday.

三、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的句型轉(zhuǎn)換

(1)當(dāng)句子中有be動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，則把be動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞(can,could等等)提到主語(yǔ)的前面變成疑問(wèn)句;在be動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后面加not變成否定句.

例：

①陳述句：She is a student.

疑問(wèn)句→ Is she a student?

否定句→ She is not a student.

②陳述句：I can swim.

疑問(wèn)句→ Can you swim

否定句→ I can not swim.

(2) 當(dāng)句子中即沒(méi)有be動(dòng)詞，也沒(méi)有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，則在主語(yǔ)前加助動(dòng)詞do (you,以及復(fù)數(shù)), does(單數(shù)she,he,it)變成問(wèn)句;在主語(yǔ)后謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞前加助動(dòng)詞don’t(I,you,以及復(fù)數(shù)), doesn’t(單數(shù)she,he,it)變成否定句，助動(dòng)詞后的動(dòng)詞要變成動(dòng)詞原形。

例：

①陳述句：We get up at 7:00 every morning.

疑問(wèn)句→Do you get up at 7:00 every morning?

否定句→We don’t get up at 7:00 every morning.

②陳述句：She has a little brother.

疑問(wèn)句→ Does she have a little brother?

否定句→ She doesn’t have a little brother.

四、語(yǔ)法練習(xí)

一、 用所給詞的正確形式填空。

1. We often___________(play) on the playgound.

2. He _________(get) up at six o’clock.

3. __________you _________(brush) your teeth every morning.

4. What_______ (do) he usually ________(do) after school?

5. Danny _______(study) English, Chinese, Maths, Science and Art at school.

6. Mike sometimes __________(go) to the park with his sister.

7. At eight at night, she ___________(watch) TV with his parents.

8. ________ Mike________(read) English every day?

9. How many lessons ______your classmate_______(have) on Monday?

10. What time _______his mother_________(do) the housework?

11. He often _________(have) dinner at home.

12. Daniel and Tommy___ (be) in Class One.

13. We_______ (not watch) TV on Monday.

14. Nick ________(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.

15. They_________ (like) the World Cup?

16. What _______they often _______(do) on Saturdays

17. Your parents___________ (read) newspapers every day?

18. The girl_________ (teach) us English on Sundays.

19. She and I __________(take) a walk together every evening.

20. There__________ (be) some water in the bottle.

21. Mike _________(like) cooking.

22. They__________ (have) the same hobby.

23. My aunt_________ (look) after her baby carefully.

24. You always_______ (do) your homework well.

25. I________ (be) ill. I’m staying in bed.

26. She________ (go) to school from Monday to Friday.

27. Liu Tao ________(do) not like PE.

28. The child often______ (watch) TV in the evening.

29. Su Hai and Su Yang _________(have) eight lessons this term.

30. They often ___________ (visit) the Great Wall.

二、改句子。

1. Do you often play football after school? (肯定回答)

2. I have many books. (改為否定句)

3. Gao Shan’s sister likes playing table tennis (改為否定句)

4. She lives in a small town near New York. (改為一般疑問(wèn)句)

5. I watch TV every day. (改為一般疑問(wèn)句)

6. David has a goal. (改為一般疑問(wèn)句)

7. Nancy doesn’t run fast.(肯定句)

8. My dog runs fast. (一般疑問(wèn)句)

三、寫(xiě)出下列動(dòng)詞的第三人稱單數(shù)形式。

1.wash________match_______guess______ study______ finish_________ go________ snow______ carry_________ stop______ see________

2.drive ________let_______ carry______ keep_____ join______ find_______ think________ teach______ catch______ stay_______ begin______ forget_______have______ lie________ run_______ prefer______ give________ ring_______ dance______ hope_______

四、單項(xiàng)選擇。

1. The picture _______ nice.

A. looks B. is looked C. look D. is looking

2. She ______ down and soon falls asleep.

A. live B. lain C. laid D. sits

3. The plane ______ over there.

A. is B. are C.am D. was

4. John always ______ others.

A. help B. helping C. helps D. to help

5 . He ______for eight hours every day.

A. working B. to work C. works D. worked

6. He sits down and ______ a rest.

A. having B. have C. to have D. has

7 Uncle Wang never ______ a cake.

A. make B. to make C. making D. makes

參考答案

一、

1-5:play,gets,do brush,does do

6-10:goes,watches,does read,does have,dose do

11-15:has,are,don't watch,doesn't go, Do...like

16-20:do do,Do...read,teaches,take,is

21-25:likes,have,looks,do,am

26-30:goes,does,watches,have,visit

二、

Yes,I do.

I don't have many books.

Gao Shan's sister doesn't like playing table tennis.

Does she live in a small town near New York?

Do you watch TV everyday?

Does David have a goal?

Nancy runs fast.

Does your dog run fast?

三、

washes,matches,guesses,studies

finishes,goes,snows,carries,stops,sees

drives,lets,carries,keeps,joins

finds,thinks,teaches,catches,stays

begins,forgets,has,lies,runs

prefers,gives,rings,dances,hopes

四、

ADACCDD

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