{首页主词},&

2024年初中英語基本句型梳理

來源：網絡資源 2023-08-15 18:06:43

從英語的句子結構上說，除了修飾名詞的定語和修飾動詞的狀語外，在千變萬化的句子中可歸納為五個基本句式。

1.S(主) + Vi(不及物動詞)(謂)

eg. Time flies.

(1)S + V + adverbial(狀語)

eg. Birds sing beautifully.

(2)S + Vi+ prep Phrase(介詞短語)

eg. He went on holiday.

(3)S + Vi+ Infinitive (不定式)

eg. We stopped to have a rest.

(4)S + Vi+ Participle (分詞)

eg. I'll go swimming.

2. S (主)+ Vt (及物動詞)(謂)+ O(賓)

eg.We like English.

(1)S + Vt+ N/Pron

eg. I like music.

eg. I like her.

(2)S + Vt+ infinitive(不定式)

eg. I want to help him.

常用于這句型的動詞有：attempt, dare, decide, desire, expect, hope, intend, learn, need, offer, pretend, promise, propose, refuse, want, wish等。

(3)S + Vt+ Wh- + Infinitive

eg. I don't know what to do.

常用于這句型的動詞有：ask, consider, decide, discover, explain, find out, forget, guess, inquire, know, learn, observe, remember, see, settle, tell, think, understand, wonder等。

(4)S + Vt+ Gerund(動名詞)

eg. I enjoy living here.

常用于這句型的動詞有：admit, advise, avoid, consider, defend, enjoy, excuse, finish, forbid, mind, miss, practise, risk, suggest, give up, can't help等。

(5)S + Vt+ That-clause

eg. I don't think (that) he is right.

常用于這句型的動詞有：admit, believe, command, confess, declare, demand, deny, doubt, expect, explain, feel(覺得), hear(聽說), hope, imagine, intend, know, mean, mind(當心), notice, propose, request, report, say, see(看出)，show, suggest, suppose, think, understand, wish, wonder(覺得奇怪)。

3. S (主)+ V(謂)(lv)( 系動詞)+ P(表)

eg. We are Chinese.

除了be 系動詞外，還有一些動詞也可以用作系動詞，

①表感官的動詞，feel, smell, taste, sound, look, appear, seem 等。

②表轉變變化的動詞，become, get, grow, turn, go,等。

③表延續的動詞 remain, keep, seem, hold, stay, rest等。

④表瞬時的動詞 come, fall, set, cut, occur等

⑤其他動詞 eat, lie, prove, ring, run, shine, sit, stand, continue,hang等。

(1)S + Lv + N/Pron(名詞/代詞)

eg. He is a boy.

eg. This is mine.

(2)S + Lv + Adj.(形容詞)

eg. She is beautiful.

(3)S + Lv + Adv.(副詞)

eg. Class is over.

(4)S + Lv + Prep Phrase

eg. He is in good health.

(5)S + Lv + Participle(分詞)

eg. He is excited.

eg. The film is interesting.

4. S (主)+ VT (謂)+ In O(間接賓) + D O(直接賓)

eg. I give you help.

(1)S + Vt+ N/Pron + N

eg. I sent him a book.

eg. I bought May a book.

(2)S + Vt+ N/Pron + To/for-phrase

eg. He sent a book to me.

eg. He bought a coat for me.

間接賓語前需要加to 的常用動詞有：allow, bring, deny, do(帶來)， give, grant, hand, leave, lend, offer, owe,pass, pay, permit, promise, read, refuse, render, restore, sell, send, show, teach, tell wish, write等。

間接賓語前需要加for 的常用動詞有：bring, buy, cash, choose, fetch, get, leave, make, order, paint, play(演奏)，save, sing, spare等。

5. S (主)+ VT(謂)+ O(賓) + O C(賓補)

eg. I make you clear.

(1)S + Vt+ N/Pron + N

eg. We named our baby Tom.

常用于這句型的動詞有：appoint, call, choose, elect, entitle, find, make, name, nominate(命名)。

(2)S + Vt+ N/Pron + Adj.

eg. He painted the wall white.

常用于這句型的動詞有：beat, boil, cut, drive, find, get, hold, keep, leave, like, make, paint, see, set, turn,want, wash, wipe, wish等。

(3)S + Vt+ N/Pron + Prep Phrase

eg. She always keeps everything in good order.

(4)S + Vt+ N/Pron + Infinitive

eg. I wish you to stay.

eg. I made him work

常用于這句型的動詞有：a)不定式帶to的詞：advice, allow, ask, beg, cause, choose, command, decide, encourage,expect, force, get, hate, invite, know, leave, like, love, order, permit, persuade, prefer, remain, request,teach, tell, want, warn, wish等。b)不定式不帶to的詞：feel, have, hear, know, let, listen to, look at, make,notice, see, watch等。

(5)S + Vt+ N/Pron + Participle (分詞)

eg. I heard my name called.

eg. I feel something moving.

常用于這句型的動詞有：catch, feel, find, get, have, hear, imagine, keep, leave, listen to, look at, notice,observe, perceive, see, set, smell, start, watch等。

(6)S + Vt+ N/Pron + Wh-word + Infinitive

eg. He show me how to do it.

常用于這句型的動詞有：advise, ask, inform, show, teach, tell等。

(7)①S + Vt+ N/Pron + That-clause

eg. He told me that the film was great.

常用于這句型的動詞有：assure, inform, promise, remind, teach, tell, warm等。

②S + Vt+ N/Pron + Wh-clause

eg. He asked me what he should do.