初中英語常見交際用語正誤辨析(3)

　　14.［誤］—Is anybody there?

　　— No， Bob and Tom have asked for leave.

　�。壅�］—Is everybody there?

　　—No， Bob and Tom have asked for leave.

　　［析］ 許多學生在寫作和選擇答語或問句時總要語法在前，而不是習慣用語在先。所以總是要拘泥疑問句中的不定代詞。Is anybody here? 在英語中意為：這里有人嗎?而Is everybody here?為：全都到齊了嗎?所以首先要考慮的是其答語。 No， Bob and Tom have asked for leave.

　　15.［誤］—Your handwriting is very good!

　　—No， my handwriting is very poor.

　�。壅�］—Your handwriting is very good!

　　—Thank you.

　�。畚觯� 中國人遇到別人稱贊，總是以謙遜為美德。但英美人則往往認為自信是美德。所以當別人夸獎你或贊美你時，就應說： Thank you. 又比如中國人見面時常講 Where are you going? 或 Have you had your breakfast yet?而英美人則認為你過多的干預別人的私生活了。而他們見面時往往問一些無關緊要的話，如： Hello! How are you going? (你過得怎樣)! 等。而Good morning 和 How do you do則被認為是較正規的問候語，在日常生活中則十分少見。

　　16.［誤］ When you have had dinner with an American friend and want to leave, you may say： "Excuse me. I'll go first."

　�。壅�］ When you have had dinner with an American friend and want to leave, you may say： "Excuse me. I have to go."

　�。畚觯� 這兩句答語都是正確的，其關鍵不是語法，而是習慣問題。如果在這樣的場合你講 I'll go first. 朋友們會迷惑不解，而 I have to go則表示由于外界的特殊原因而造成的你要離去，而你本人則十分不愿做此事。

　　17.［誤］—Would you like to come to dinner tonight?

　　—I'd like to， and I'm too busy.

　�。壅�］—Would you like to come to dinner tonight?

　　—I'd like to， but I'm too busy.

　�。畚觯� I'm too busy與 I'd like to在意義上正好相反。所以要用轉折連詞。這里考查了對詞義合乎邏輯的表達能力。所以要強調語言環境，更要強調在語言的基礎上的詞語辨析。

　　18.［誤］—Where's Deter?

　　—Deter will come with us tonight but he isn't very sure yet.

　�。壅�］—Where's Deter?

　　—Deter may come with us tonight but he isn't very sure yet.

　�。畚觯� 由于 but 所引出的句子可以看出 Deter 的來與不來是十分不確定的，所以應用 may 來表達一個不肯定的事件。

　　19.［誤］—Hi， haven't seen you for ages! You look fine!

　　—Great. You look well too.

　�。壅�］—Hi， haven't seen you for ages! You look fine!

　　—Thanks. You look well too.

　　［析］ 要注意的是 Great 在口語中多表示驚嘆，而 Thanks 則表示感謝對方的稱贊。所以對情景談話要有準確的判定，要根據情景，身臨其境，上下對照，周密思考，弄清場合，注意英美人的風俗習慣，注重語義上的詞語辨析，并要進行大量的語言實踐練習，擴大實際交際能力。

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