2021年中考英語介詞知識點(diǎn)：常見介詞用法錯誤(2)

　　[誤] Do you know there is some good news on today’s newspaper?

　　[正] Do you know there is some good news in today’s newspaper?

　　[析] 在報紙上的新聞要用in， 而在具體某一版上，或某一頁上則要用on.

　　[誤] The school will begin on September 1st.

　　[正] School will begin on September 1st.

　　[析]這里的school應(yīng)看作不可數(shù)名詞泛指學(xué)校的課程，即開學(xué)之意。要注意，有些活動場所當(dāng)表達(dá)正在從事該種活動時不要加冠詞，如：at table (吃飯)， When I came to Tom’s home， they were at table. 還有： at desk (學(xué)習(xí))，at work (工作) at school (上學(xué))， in hospital (住醫(yī)院) at church 作禮拜如加上定冠詞則另有他意，如：at the school 即在學(xué)校工作或辦事，in the hospital 即在醫(yī)院工作或去看望病人。

　　[誤] In my way to the station， I bought a newspaper to kill time.

　　[正] On my way to the station， I bought a newspaper to kill time.

　　[析]譯文為：在去車站的路上我買了份報紙，為的是消磨時光“在……的路上”應(yīng)用on one‘s way…。而 in the way 有擋道之意，如：Please move the chair it is in the way.

　　[誤] Look， the door is open， Maybe someone broke into.

　　[正] Look， the door is open， Maybe someone broke in.

　　[正] Look， the door is open， Maybe someone broke into the office.

　　[析] in是表達(dá)一個靜止?fàn)顟B(tài)，在與break連用時其后不加介詞賓語，而into則是動態(tài)介詞，與break連用時要加介詞賓語。

　　[誤] I’ll leave Beijing to Shanghai tomorrow.

　　[正] I’ll leave Beijing for Shanghai.

　　[正] I’ll leave for Shanghai.

　　[析] leave for 是離開某地去某處的固定搭配，不可將for改為別的介詞。這樣的搭配還有：start for 動身前往某處，set out for， sail for.

　　[誤] I’m sorry. I have to get out the bus at next stop.

　　[正] I’m sorry. I have to get out of the bus at next stop.

　　[析] get in， 與 get out是兩個相反的詞組。get in 為上車，而get out為下車，但語法家認(rèn)為這里的in與out為副詞，所以其后不能接名詞，我們可以講We’d better get in. 或We’d better get out. 還有一組詞組有關(guān)上下車：get on/off(a train， a ship， a struck) get into/out of (a car， taxi…)

　　[誤] Be careful The temperature of the water is ninety degrees over zero.

　　[正] Be careful. The temperature of the water is ninety degrees above zero.

　　[析] over 與 above 在作為比某物高的意思時有時可以互換。但在垂直方向上的高矮時，即正上方時則要用above.而泛指上方時用over.

　　[誤] There is an old stone bridge above the river.

　　[正] There is an old stone bridge over the river.

　　[析] over還有一意為“跨越，橫跨”。

　　[誤] The Dead Sea is under the sea level.

　　[正] The Dead Sea is below the sea level.

　　[析]在垂直下方要用below.也就是講above與below互為反意詞，over與under也是反意詞。

　　[誤] There is a big tree in the front of the house.

　　[正] There is a big tree in front of the house.

　　[析] in front of 是在物體外部的前面，而in the front of 是在物體內(nèi)部的前面，如：The driver sits in the front of the bus.

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